![]() People with certain autoimmune diseases, such as psoriasis, thyroid disease, or vitiligo, are more likely to get alopecia areata, as are those with allergic conditions such as hay fever. Many of the genes they have found are important for the functioning of the immune system. Scientists have linked a number of genes to the disease, which suggests that genetics play a role in alopecia areata. If you have a close family member with the disease, you may have a higher risk of getting it, but for many people, there is no family history. ![]() When it occurs in children younger than age 10, it tends to be more extensive and progressive. The onset can be at any age, but most people get it in their teens, twenties, or thirties. Men and women get it equally, and it affects all racial and ethnic groups. Supportive measures: In addition to medical treatments, some people find it helpful to use cosmetic techniques, such as wigs, hairpieces, or scalp micropigmentation, to manage the appearance of hair loss.Anyone can have alopecia areata.Light therapy: Excimer laser and ultraviolet (UV) light treatments can be used to stimulate hair regrowth by targeting the affected areas of the scalp.This triggers an allergic reaction that can stimulate hair regrowth and has been shown to be effective and safe. Topical immunotherapy: A treatment known as contact immunotherapy involves applying a sensitizing substance, such as diphencyprone (DPCP), to the scalp.This treatment is often recommended for more extensive cases of alopecia areata. Injections: Intralesional steroid injections can be administered directly into the bald patches to stimulate hair regrowth.Minoxidil, a medication typically used for androgenetic alopecia, can also be an effective treatment for alopecia areata, as it promotes hair growth in some cases. Medications: Topical corticosteroids are commonly prescribed to reduce inflammation and suppress the immune response in the affected areas. ![]() The name “ophiasis” is derived from the Greek word for “snake” because the hair loss pattern resembles a snake wrapping around the head. Alopecia areata ophiasis: Ophiasis is a specific pattern of hair loss where the hair loss occurs in a band-like shape along the sides and lower back of the scalp.Hair loss occurs across the scalp rather than in well-defined areas. Diffuse alopecia areata: Unlike the patchy pattern, diffuse alopecia areata involves more widespread and scattered hair loss without distinct patches.This type of alopecia can have a significant impact on a person’s appearance. It includes the loss of eyebrows, eyelashes, facial hair, and body hair. Alopecia universalis: This is the most severe form of alopecia areata, characterized by the complete loss of hair on the scalp and body.Alopecia totalis: In this type, as the latin name suggests, there is complete loss of hair on the scalp.The patches can be small or larger and may merge together. ![]() It is characterized by the development of round or oval-shaped patches of hair loss on the scalp or other areas of the body.
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